
Ruth, Song of Songs, Lamentations, and Esther
Published: Spring 2024
Description
Though the Hebrew Bible tends to focus on its male heroes – Abraham, Moses, Joshua, and David – four smaller books are distinctly female-oriented. In this study, we will explore the books of Ruth, Song of Songs, Lamentations, and Esther. Each brings a unique perspective to the question of gender and gender roles in the Bible and in ancient Israel. From the pastoral setting of Ruth to the trauma of Lamentations, from the love poetry of Song of Songs to the court intrigue of Esther, where do these writings come from, and how might we read them today?
Course Takeaways
- Discover female perspectives in Ruth, Song of Songs, Lamentations, and Esther.
- Understand gender roles in ancient Israel through cultural context.
- Analyze unique styles in each book.
- Interpret themes like love, loss, and agency for contemporary understanding.
- Consider how these ancient texts inform current gender discussions.
Meet the Instructors
Prof. Joel Baden works widely in the field of Hebrew Bible, with special attention to the literary history of the Pentateuch. He is the author, most recently, of The Book of Exodus: A Biography (Princeton University Press, 2019). His other books include J, E, and the Redaction of the Pentateuch (Mohr Siebeck, 2009); The Composition of the Pentateuch: Renewing the Documentary Hypothesis (Yale University Press, 2012); The Promise to the Patriarchs (Oxford University Press, 2013); The Historical David: The Real Life of an Invented Hero (HarperOne, 2013); Reconceiving Infertility: Biblical Perspectives on Procreation and Childlessness (with Candida Moss; Princeton University Press, 2015); and Bible Nation: The United States of Hobby Lobby (with Candida Moss; Princeton University Press, 2017). He is the co-editor of the volumes The Strata of the Priestly Writings: Contemporary Debate and Future Directions (TVZ, 2009), Sibyls, Scriptures, and Scrolls (Brill, 2017), and The Oxford Handbook of the Pentateuch (with Jeffrey Stackert; Oxford University Press, 2021).
Current projects include editing The Routledge Handbook of Marginalization in the Bible and a special issue of the journal Religions devoted to the Hebrew Bible, race, and racism, along with writing forthcoming commentaries on Deuteronomy (IECOT), Exodus (Anchor), and Lamentations (Oxford).
Prof. Baden has published numerous scholarly articles and essays. He has also written widely for a popular audience, in venues such as The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Atlantic Monthly, Slate, The Los Angeles Times, Politico, CNN, and The Daily Beast.
Biography
Dr. Vayntrub’s areas of expertise include the Hebrew Bible, wisdom literature, biblical poetry and poetics, philology, and the history of biblical scholarship. She is especially interested in the Hebrew Bible’s genres and modes of discourse against the broader background of ancient Near Eastern literary production, and its reception in and impact on Western scholarship. Broadly, her work seeks to recover the values of ancient literary culture through the language of the texts and examines how these values were reshaped in their reception.
Dr. Vayntrub’s first book, Beyond Orality: Biblical Poetry on its Own Terms (Routledge, 2019), examines the modern scholarly history of theorizing biblical poetry and draws out the unresolved tension between theories about the oral genesis of biblical poetry and evidence that points to the the genre’s written origins. The book has been reviewed in Reading Religion and in panels at Yale, the British Association of Jewish Studies, and New York University and will be the subject of review panels at the Society of Biblical Literature (SBL) 2019 annual meeting and at the University of Pennsylvania. Her second book, Reframing Biblical Poetry (under contract with Yale University Press) argues that a character’s voice, deeds, and body shape the meaning of biblical texts. She has presented internationally, in keynote, and in named public lectures on her first and second book.
Dr. Vayntrub has authored nearly twenty articles and essays in edited volumes and in peer-reviewed journals such as Vetus Testamentum, Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, Biblical Interpretation, Catholic Bible Quarterly, Hebrew Bible and Ancient Israel, and Harvard Theological Review. A number of her recent publications relate to her current book project, Seeking Eternity: Transmission and Mortal Anxiety in Biblical Literature, for which Dr. Vayntrub was awarded a 2019-2020 fellowship at the Katz Center for Advanced Judaic Studies at the University of Pennsylvania. The project focuses on notions of transmission and their relationship to human mortality in biblical and cognate literature.
She is founder and chair of the Philology in Hebrew Studies program unit at the Society of Biblical Literature Annual Meeting, and chair of the Hebrew Bible, History, and Archaeology program unit. She has organized conferences at Yale, Harvard University, Princeton University, and the Center for Hellenic Studies in Washington D.C. In collaboration with colleagues at UC Davis, UNC Chapel Hill, and the University of Oxford, Dr. Vayntrub directs Renewed Philology(link is external), an international working group of scholars in biblical studies whose work reflects critically on the intellectual frameworks of the reader that are brought to bear in philological practice.
Biography